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Flemish policy and activism

During The First World War, Germany believed in the divide-and-rule principle. By sowing division, the German position would be strengthened. Flamenpolitik, or Flemish Policy, formed an integral part of this strategy.   The German occupier wished to drive back the French influence. To this end, their activities included the founding of a ...

Tourism in time of war

Immediately before The First World War, a democratisation of tourism took place. Tourism was no longer only reserved for the very wealthiest; the well-off middle class could also afford a trip every now and then too. At the outbreak of the war, tourism in occupied Belgium initially fell completely still. Conveyances such as cars and bicycles were ...

The start of the final sprint: the liberation offensive

The allied liberation offensive began in August 1918. The allies launched an offensive over the entire western front, in order to push the Germans back for good. It was now or never. The German troops were at the end of their tether after the failure of their spring offensive. Revolution threatened in Germany. On the allied side, two million fresh ...

The Belgian press landscape during the Great War

On the eve of the war, the Belgian newspaper press was going through a heyday. Hundreds of national and local newspapers were being published, with a total print run of a million copies a day. It was an outspoken opinion press and many papers drew support from one of the political camps. In October 1914, the German advance brought an end to the ...

A deadly cloud: the first big gas attack in Belgium

On 22 April 1915, French and British troops were surprised by a yellow cloud drifting towards their lines between Steenstrate and Langemark. When the cloud reached the soldiers, they suffered violent and painful coughing fits and burning eyes. This first large-scale gas attack using deadly gas sent a wave of panic through the soldiers. On that ...

American shops

During The First World War, the Belgian population was dependent on foreign food aid. The Nationaal Hulp- en Voedingscomité played a crucial role in the distribution of the imported foodstuffs. To this end, the committee opened its own sales points, which the population could visit to buy sugar, corn, tinned meat, rice and other staple products. ...

Reconstruction or commemoration?

Following the war, a lot of Flemish cities were faced with the same question. Should their city rise from the ashes in full glory and look just as it had? Or did reconstruction offer opportunities for new urban visions? Should one honour the dead by leaving the rubble lie where it was? Or should one choose for big commemorative ...

Amerikanische Geschäfte

Während des Ersten Weltkrieges war die belgische Bevölkerung von ausländischer Nahrungshilfe abhängig. Das Nationale Hilfs- und Ernährungskomitee (Nationaal Hulp- en Voedingscomité) spielte eine entscheidende Rolle in der Verteilung von eingeführten Lebensmitteln. Das Komitee öffnete hierfür eigene Verkaufspunkte, an die sich die ...

Historische Zeitungen kritisch lesen

Zeitungen sind eine leicht zugängliche Quelle, um verschiedene Aspekte des Ersten Weltkriegs zu analysieren. Aber genau wie bei anderen historischen Quellen müssen die Informationen aus Zeitungen sorgfältig begutachtet werden. Dies gilt sowohl für Texte als auch für Fotos und Illustrationen.   Das kritische Begutachten von ...

(K)eine neue Rolle für die Frau

In Großbritannien nahm die Armee im Ersten Weltkrieg einen wesentlichen Teil der männlichen Arbeitskraft in Beschlag. Häufig wurde deren Arbeit in der Fabrik oder auf dem Feld vorübergehend von Frauen übernommen. Der Einsatz der Frauen hatte jedoch wenig Einfluss auf ihre Rolle nach dem Krieg. In Belgien war der Umfang der Beschäftigung von ...

Flamenpolitik und Aktivismus

Deutschland glaubte während des Ersten Weltkrieges an ein Teile-und-Herrsche-Prinzip. Durch das Sähen von Zwietracht sollte die deutsche Position gestärkt werden.  Die Flamenpolitik bildete einen integralen Bestandteil dieser Strategie.    Der deutsche Besatzer wollte den französischen Einfluss zurückdrängen. Hierzu ...

The world at the front

The First World War was primarily fought in Europe, but soldiers and workers from all over the world came here to fight and work for the various armies.   Quite early in the war, the European great powers deployed their colonial troops to supplement their own armies. The British were able to call on Indian, Canadian, Australian and South ...

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